China ogula tsiku lililonse amafotokoza (mtolankhani Li Jaan) Tsegulani chivindikiro (thumba), lakonzeka kudya, chimakoma, ndipo ndizosavuta kusunga. Posachedwa, zakudya zamzitini zakhala chinthu choyenera kukhala ndi mndandanda wa mabanja ambiri. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa kwambiri paogwiritsa ntchito ogula oposa 200 wolemba nkhani kuchokera ku China adawonetsa kuti chifukwa cha nkhawa, ayenera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, ndipo anthu ambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri. "Chisomo" sichikwera kwambiri. Koma kodi izi ndi zokayikitsa? Imvani akatswiri omwe amadya sayansi ayenera kunena.
Zitini zofewa, kodi mwamvapo za izi?
M'nthawi ya kuchepa kwa zinthu, zakudya zamzitini zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kukoma kokwanira "zapamwamba". M'makumbukidwe ambiri a post-70s ndi pambuyo pa 80s, zakudya zamzitini ndizopanga zopatsa thanzi zomwe zitha kudyedwa mu zikondwerero kapena matenda.
Chakudya cham'chiyani nthawi ina chinali chokoma patebulo la anthu wamba. Pafupifupi chakudya chilichonse chitha kukhala chathanzi. Amati kusankha kwa chakudya cham'chipatala kumaphatikizapo zambiri, zomwe zingapangitse anthu kukhala ndi phwando la manchurian a ku Colur.
Komabe, ngati lingaliro lanu la chakudya cham'chiyani akadali pamlingo wa zipatso, masamba, nsomba ndi nyama zomwe zimayikidwa mu zitini zamini kapena mabotolo agalasi, ikhoza kukhala "zakale".
"National Chakudya Chapadziko Lonse la Zakudya zamzitini" zimatanthauzira momveka bwino chakudya chopanda zipatso monga chakudya chopanda zipatso zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso, zamafuta, nyama, zotsekemera, kutentha, kutentha zina. Zam'mimba zakudya ndi mabakiteriya.
Tenessar Pulofesa Wi Xiameng kuchokera ku Sukulu ya Sayansi ndi Zaukadaulo Zapamwamba za China Mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhala okhwima omwe amaimiridwa ndi zitini zachitsulo kapena zibowo zagalasi, kapena ma phukusi osinthika monga matumba ophika, omwe amatchedwa zakudya zophikira zofewa. Mwachitsanzo, matumba amasamba mu matumba a aluminium omwe amadzipangitsa kuti azikhala ndi zakudya zodzipangira, kapena kutentha kokhazikika ngati nkhumba zotsekedwa ndi nkhumba zotsekemera komanso nkhumba zotsekemera, zonse zimakhala m'gulu la chakudya chamtundu.
Pafupifupi 2000, monga gulu loyambirira kwambiri pamakampani azakudya, chakudya chamchiyani chomwe chidalembedwapo pang'onopang'ono ngati "wopanda thanzi".
Mu 2003, mndandanda wa "zakudya zopanda pake khumi zofalitsidwa ndi" (chakudya chamchiyani chomwe chimatchulidwa) chinaonedwa kuti ndi kutentha kwa chimmaliro cha chakudya chamafuta mwa anthu. Ngakhale kuti mndandandawu wasambitsidwa kwathunthu, wamtchire, chakudya chokhacho "cholimbika" (chonyamula mitsuko ya zitsulo), chikuwoneka ngati chovuta kutsegula mawu achinsinsi a anthu aku China.
Zambiri zimawonetsa kuti ngakhale dziko langa limakhala lolemera padziko lapansi, kumwa zakudya zamzitini ndizochepa makilogalamu 8, ndipo anthu ambiri amadya mabokosi awiri pachaka.
Kudya zakudya zamzitini kumakhala kofanana ndi kugula zinthu zosungira? Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti 69.68% ya omwe adafunsidwa samakonda kugula chakudya chokha, ndipo 21.72% ya omwe adayankha amangogula nthawi zina. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale ofunsidwa 57.92% amakhulupirira kuti chakudya chamchimwachi ndichosavuta kusunga komanso choyenera kutaya kunyumba, 32.58% ya omwe adayankha chakudya zamzitiwa ali ndi moyo wautali ndipo ayenera kukhala ndi zosungira.
M'malo mwake, chakudya cham'mimba ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zochepa zomwe sizimafuna zoteteza.
The "National Chakudya Chapadziko Lonse Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zowonjezera Zazakudya" Kutulutsa Zowonjezera ndi Mitu Yachisanu ndi A Suuerk Kuloledwa, kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi 0,15 g / kg), mitundu 6 iyi yazakudya zimafunikira Mlingo wotsika kwambiri kuti athane ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndipo ena onse sangathe kuwonjezeredwa. kusungitsa.
Ndiye, kodi "zaka zowundana" za zakudya zamzitini zomwe zimasungidwa zaka 1 mpaka zitatu kapena kuposerapo kutentha?
WU xiyameng adauza nkhani ya "China Oonsumer" yazachikazi yomwe chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimatetezedwa ndi njira ziwiri za njira yosinthira ndi kusungidwa. Nthawi zambiri, zowononga chakudya zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo ngati mabakiteriya monga mabakiteriya. Kukonza zakudya zamzitini kudzera munjira zosasintha monga kutentha kwambiri komanso kupsinjika kwakukulu kumatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa tizilombo. Nthawi yomweyo, njira monga kuthamangitsidwa komanso kusindikizidwa kungachepetse kuipitsa chakudya. Oxygen omwe ali mumtunduwu amasuntha kukula kwa microorganisms yomwe ili mumtsuko, ndipo imatseka gawo la mpweya kapena tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kunja kwa chidebe, ndikuonetsetsa kuti chakudya chizikhala nacho. Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wosinthira chakudya, matekinoloje atsopano monga olamulidwa mlengalenga ndi microwave strililization ali ndi nthawi yotentha, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepetsetsa, komanso kuphatikiza kothandiza kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, sikofunikira kuda nkhawa ndi zoteteza ambiri mu zinthu zamzitini. "Sayansi yotchuka" pa intaneti yomwe "kudya zakudya zamzitini ndizofanana zofanana ndi zongofuna kudya" ndizowopsa.
Kodi chakudya cha zakudya ndi zopatsa thanzi ndi zopatsa thanzi?
Kafukufukuyu anazindikira kuti kuwonjezera nkhawa za zoteteza, 24.42% ya omwe anafunsidwayo amakhulupirira kuti chakudya chamafuta chilibe chatsopano. Mwa omwe anafunsa anthu oposa 150 omwe "sagula" ndipo "osagula" chakudya chamchere, 77.62% ya omwe adayankha kuti chakudya chamafuta sichili chatsopano.
Ngakhale ogula ena ayamba kuganizira kusankha zakudya zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuwongolera chifukwa cha kupewa komanso kupewa komanso kuwongolera anthu, izi sizinasinthe malingaliro a anthu ".
M'malo mwake, kutuluka kwa ukadaulo wosinthira ndikusunga chakudya chatsopano.
Wu xiyameng adalongosola kuti zakudya monga nyama ndi nsomba zimawononga msanga ngati sizikonzedwa munthawi. Ngati masamba ndi zipatso sizikonzedwa munthawi mutasankhidwa, michere ipitiliza kutayika. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ina yokhala ndi unyolo wokwanira nthawi zambiri amasankha nthawi yokhwima ndi kupanga kwakukulu kwa zosakaniza ndikuwapangitsa kukhala atsopano, ndipo njira zonse zopangira ndikusintha makonzedwe ochepera 10. Palibenso kutayika kwamichere kuposa njira yatsopano yodziwiratu yosankha, kunyamula, kugulitsa firiji ya ogula.
Zachidziwikire, mavitamini ena okhala ndi kulolerana kochepa kutentha kumachepetsa kuphika, koma zakudya zambiri zimasungidwa. Kutayika kumeneku sikulinso chabe kuwonongeka kwa michere kuchokera kumasamba ophika kunyumba kwa tsiku lililonse.
Nthawi zina, zakudya zamzitini zingakhale zopindulitsa ku Vitamini. Mwachitsanzo, zophika tomato, ngakhale zilibe chosawilitsidwa, ambiri mwa zida za Vitamini C akadalipo pomwe achoka ku fakitole, ndipo ali okhazikika. Chitsanzo china ndi nsomba zamzizidzi. Pambuyo pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwambiri, osati nyama ndi mafupa a nsomba ndizofewa, komanso calcium yambiri imasungunuka. Kalasi ya calcium yomwe ili m'bokosi la nsomba zamziti zimatha kukhala zokulirapo nthawi 10 kuposa za nsomba zatsopano zolemera. Chitsulo, zinki, iodini, a Selenium ndi michere ina mu nsomba sizidzatayika.
Chifukwa chiyani 'mafuta "zakudya
Nthawi zambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ogula amapita kuchipatala chachikulu kapena malo ogulitsira kuti agule zinthu zopanga, ndikuweruza mtundu wa zakudya zamtundu wa mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe, ophatikizira, ndi chizindikiro.
Wu xiyameng adakumbutsidwa kuti zitini zomwe zimakhala ndi zitini zachilengedwe zomwe zingakhale ndi mawonekedwe athunthu, osawonongeka, palibe malo obisika, ndipo pachikuto cha dzimbiri chimayenera kukhala mkati; Center of chitsulo chachitsulo cha magupu apagalasi ayenera kukhumudwa pang'ono, ndipo zomwe zili m'matumbo ziyenera kuwonedwa kudzera mu botolo. Mawonekedwe ayenera kukhala athunthu, msuziwu ukumveka bwino, ndipo palibe zotukula.
Chikumbutso chapadera ndichakuti ngati mukukumana ndi zinthu zotsatirazi, ziribe kanthu momwe zomwe zilimo, musamadye.
Imodzi ndi yazinsinsi "kumvetsera kumvetsera", ndiko kuti, thanki yowonjezera. Chifukwa chachikulu chakukulitsa champhamvu ndikuti mkati mwazomwe zimadetsedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi kupanga mpweya. Magalasi awa amadziunjikira kumalo ena, omwe angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa momwe angathere. Chifukwa chake, chakudya cha chakudya chimakhala "kulemera", mbendera yofiyira yofiyira kuti yakhala yoipa.
Chachiwiri, kuyika kwapadera kumangodumphana komanso nkhungu. Pakakhala zosungirako ndi mayendedwe a zomangamanga, chifukwa cha ma bampu ndi zifukwa zina, kunyamula katundu kumatsutsidwa, ndipo mpweya umatsitsa pa chidindo cha chisindikizo. Kutayikira kwa mpweya kumayambitsa zinthu zomwe zingathe kulumikizana ndi dziko lakunja, ndipo ma microorganism angagwiritse ntchito mwayi wolowa.
Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti 93.21% ya omwe adafunsidwa anali ndi chisankho choyenera pa izi. Komabe, pafupifupi 7% ya omwe adafunsidwa adakhulupirira kuti mabampu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mayendedwe sanali vuto lalikulu, ndikusankha kugula ndikudya.
Wu xiyameng adakumbutsidwa kuti nyama ndi zipatso ndi zipatso ndi masamba sizovuta kwambiri, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwadye nthawi imodzi mukatseguka. Ngati simungathe kumaliza, muyenera kuwathira mu enamel, chakudya cha pulasitiki kapena pulasitiki, chisindikiza ndi pulasitiki, muzisunga mufiriji, ndikudya mwachangu.
Ponena za mikangano shuga msuzi ndi kupanikizana, zomwe zili shuga nthawi zambiri zimakhala 40% -65%. Ponenanso, sizophweka kuwonongeka mutatseguka, koma sayenera kukhala osasamala. Ngati simungathe kuzidya zonse nthawi imodzi, muyenera kuphimba mtsuko, kapena kuthira mu chidebe china ndikutchinga ndi pulasitiki, kenako yesani kudya mu 3 masiku atatu kapena atatu. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, imatha kusungidwa kwa masiku angapo.
Maulalo okhudzana: Malonda Otsatsa
Zakudya zamzitini sizikhala zopanda pake, koma ndi zosabala. Kutsatsa malonda kumatanthauza boma lomwe chakudya chobiriwira, pambuyo pa kutentha kutentha, sikukhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe, komanso kulibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso mulibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angachulukane nawo. M'manja a septic State, zakudya zamzitini zitha kutsimikiziridwa kuti zikhale zotetezeka kuti zitheke.
Post Nthawi: Jan-04-2023